Chanabayaite is a rare copper nitrate hydroxide mineral discovered in the arid nitrate fields of the Atacama Desert. It typically presents as vivid blue to greenish-blue platy crystals or thin crusts associated with other nitrate minerals in highly saline, hyper-arid environments.
Is this chanabayaite?
5-step field checkRun through these checks against the specimen in your hand. The more boxes tick, the more confident the ID.
- 1Test the hardnessTry to scratch chanabayaite with a known reference. Chanabayaite sits at Mohs 2, softer than the next harder reference, harder than the previous one.
- 2Check the streakDrag the specimen across an unglazed porcelain plate. Streak: blue.
- 3Read the lusterHold the specimen under a strong light. Luster: vitreous.
- 4Match the color rangeCompare against the expected color range: deep blue.
- 5Look at form & habitCrystal system: orthorhombic. Typical habit: platy crystals, granular crusts.
Often confused with
Chanabayaite vs. its common look-alikes, and how to tell them apart in the field.
How to tell apart: Atacamite is the harder of the two (Mohs 3-3.5 vs. 2); streak differs, so Chanabayaite leaves blue, Atacamite leaves apple-green; luster reads vitreous on Chanabayaite and adamantine to vitreous on Atacamite.
How to tell apart: Streak differs, so Chanabayaite leaves blue, Gerhardtite leaves pale green.
How to tell apart: Libethenite is the harder of the two (Mohs 4 vs. 2); streak differs, so Chanabayaite leaves blue, Libethenite leaves light green.
Often found alongside chanabayaite
Minerals reported to co-occur with chanabayaite. Spotting these in float or country rock is a strong cue you are in the right ground.
All properties
- Chemical formula
- Cu₂Cl(N₃C₂H₂)₂(NH₃,Cl,H₂O,☐)₄
- Mohs hardness
- 2
- Density
- 1.48 g/cm³
- Colors
- Streak
- Blue
- Luster
- Vitreous
- Transparency
- Translucent
- Crystal system
- Orthorhombic
- Crystal habit
- Platy crystals, granular crusts
- Cleavage
- Perfect on {001}, imperfect on {100} and {010}
- Rarity
- Rare
- Uses
- Collector
- Host rock
- In a guano deposit
Where rockhounds find chanabayaite
Classic worldwide localities
- Chanabaya, Chile
- Iquique, Chile
Field-hunting tip
Where it forms: In a guano deposit. If you start seeing sal ammoniac, halite, joanneumite in float, you are in the right ground. Typical habit: platy crystals, granular crusts. Train your eye for that shape before scanning the outcrop.
Common questions
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Find chanabayaite on the map
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